Top 50 Biology Project Topics for Class 12 Students [2025 Updated List]

🧬 Biology Project Topics for Class 12 – A Complete Guide (2025)

Biology is one of the most fascinating subjects in Class 12 that allows students to explore the living world scientifically. For CBSE and state board students, the biology project is a crucial part of the internal assessment, contributing significantly to the final grade. Choosing the right project topic not only boosts your marks but also deepens your understanding of biological processes.

In this article, we have compiled a list of 50+ unique and easy biology project topics for Class 12. These projects are suitable for students of all boards, including CBSE, ICSE, and state boards. Whether you want a project based on human physiology, genetics, ecology, or biotechnology, we’ve got you covered.

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🧪 How to Choose a Good Biology Project Topic?

Before diving into the list, here are a few tips to choose the best project:

Align with your interest (e.g., plant biology, microbiology, human health).
Ensure availability of resources and materials.
Select a topic that is experiment-based or research-oriented.
Prefer current, real-world topics (e.g., COVID-19 impact, genetic disorders).
Stick to the CBSE/State board format and guidelines.

✅ List of Biology Project Topics for Class 12 (CBSE/ICSE/State Boards)

Here’s a categorized list of high-scoring and practical biology project topics:

🔹 Human Physiology & Health Topics

Study of Human Digestive System using 3D Models
Effect of Exercise on Pulse Rate
Common Lifestyle Diseases and Their Prevention
Blood Groups and Their Inheritance Pattern
Role of Insulin in Diabetes
Health Hazards of Junk Food
The Impact of Smoking and Alcohol on Human Health
Role of Yoga in Managing Stress and Hypertension

🔹 Plant Biology & Botany Topics

Effect of Different Fertilizers on Plant Growth
Phototropism in Plants: A Practical Study
Comparative Study of Organic and Inorganic Fertilizers
Germination of Seeds under Various Conditions
Effects of Acid Rain on Plant Growth
Study of Soil pH and Its Effect on Plants
Micropropagation in Plants Using Tissue Culture

🔹 Genetics & Molecular Biology Topics

DNA Isolation from Banana or Onion
Genetic Disorders: A Case Study (e.g., Down Syndrome, Thalassemia)
Pedigree Analysis of Inherited Traits
Study of Mendelian Genetics using Pea Plants
Blood Typing and Rh Factor Inheritance
CRISPR: Gene Editing Technology Explained

🔹 Microbiology Projects

Microorganisms in Curd Formation
Testing Antibacterial Properties of Herbal Plants
Yeast Fermentation and Alcohol Production
Study of Microbial Growth on Food Items
Culturing of Bacteria from Everyday Items (e.g., Phone Screen, Door Handle)

🔹 Ecology & Environmental Biology Topics

Pollution Impact on Local Water Bodies
Analysis of Waste Segregation and Management
Study of Bioindicators: Lichens and Air Quality
Rainwater Harvesting Model and Its Benefits
Plastic Degradation by Microorganisms
Carbon Footprint Analysis at Home or School
Conservation of Endangered Species in India

🔹 Biotechnology & Applied Biology Topics

Applications of Biotechnology in Daily Life
Role of Enzymes in Detergents
Genetically Modified Organisms (GMOs): Pros and Cons
Making Bioplastics from Natural Resources
Biodegradable Waste and Composting Techniques
Production of Biofertilizers from Cow Dung

🔹 Miscellaneous/Creative Topics

Study of Fingerprints: Are They Genetically Inherited?
Use of Herbal Products vs Chemical Cosmetics
Survey on Obesity Among Teenagers
Study of Sleep Cycle and Its Impact on Health
Impact of Blue Light on Eye Health
Designing a Low-Cost Water Purifier Using Natural Materials
Case Study on COVID-19: Biological and Social Impact
Role of Vaccination in Controlling Epidemics
Study of Nutrition Labels on Packaged Food
Impact of Mobile Radiation on Plants
Study of Skin Microbiome Using Simple Swab Technique

📂 Project Report Format for Class 12 Biology

Make sure your biology project report includes the following:

Cover Page (with your name, class, roll number, project title)
Acknowledgement
Certificate from School
Index
Introduction & Objective
Material & Methodology
Observations and Results
Conclusion
Bibliography

🎯 Final Thoughts

A well-done biology project not only helps you score high but also builds a strong foundation for your future in life sciences. Pick a topic that excites you, conduct the experiment carefully, and document everything clearly in your report. Whether you choose an experimental or research-based project, your curiosity and dedication will reflect in your work.

For more such Class 12 project ideas and science updates, stay connected with biologynotes.in – your trusted resource for biology inspiration.

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