Enzyme Definition
Enzymes are the biocatalysts that enhance the reaction rate by decreasing activation Energy.
Enzymes are proteins that help speed up metabolism, or the chemical reactions in our bodies. They build some substances and break others down. All living things have enzymes. Our bodies naturally produce enzymes.
Enzyme (E) is a protein that has catalytic properties in the reaction of converting a substrate (S) into a product (P).
What are Enzymes?
Enzymes are biocatalysts that speed up chemical reactions by lowering the activation energy required.
- Definition: Enzymes are organic substances with catalytic functions, typically produced by living cells.
- Nature: All enzymes are proteins, except ribonuclease enzymes.
- Origin: The term "enzyme" was coined by Kuhne.
- Study: The study of enzymes is called enzymology.
Types of Enzymes
Enzymes are divided into two main types based on the reactions they catalyze:
- Digestive Enzymes
- Metabolic Enzymes
Classification of Enzymes
Enzymes are classified into six groups:
- Oxidoreductases
- Transferases
- Hydrolases
- Lyases
- Isomerases
- Ligases
Common Examples of Enzymes
Some common enzymes include:
- Lysozyme
- Protease
- Pectinase
- Lipase
- Amylase
- Cellulase
Applications of Enzymes
Biological enzymes are used in various industries, including:
- Textile
- Petroleum
- Food
- Pharmaceutical
Functions in the Human Body
Enzymes play crucial roles in many vital processes, such as:
- Supporting the hematopoietic system
- Reducing thrombosis
- Normalizing blood viscosity
- Improving microcirculation
- Enhancing tissue oxygen and nutrient supply
- Regulating lipid metabolism